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         article-type="Research Paper"
         xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>American Journal of Pharmacy and Health Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">AJPHR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2321-3647</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">AJPHR11140002</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>ASSESSMENT OF INTRAVENOUS HIGH-RISK MEDICATION MANAGEMENT IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Garg</surname>
            <given-names>Rajat</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bhardwaj</surname>
            <given-names>Hemant</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Qadir Lone</surname>
            <given-names>Anjum</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Tarun Singh</surname>
            <given-names>Dr</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>K Agrawal</surname>
            <given-names>Bimal</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala – 133 207, Haryana, India.</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala – 133 207, Haryana, India.</aff>
      <aff id="aff3">MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala – 133 207, Haryana, India</aff>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-11-03">
        <month>11</month>
        <day>03</day>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>14</volume>
      <issue>11</issue>
      <fpage>13</fpage>
      <lpage>24</lpage>
      <abstract>
        <p>Iatrogenic harm induced from medication occur at a rate more than one fourth in general wards and more than three fourth in ICUs, it estimated that during a critical care stay 1.7 medication errors per patient could be potentially life-threatening especially from drug given intravenously. We Aimed to assess the intravenous high-risk medication management in tertiary care hospital, and analyze utilization of IV high-risk medication dilution, diluent and duration.
Methods
Prospective controlled study involving 250 participants evaluated the utilization patterns of intravenous high-risk medications in equal divided groups, with a focus on dilution practices, diluent selection, and duration of administration in a critical care unit over a period of six months. A researcher observed this study by reviewing all the Patient Infusion Charts, Critical Care Flow Sheet and Syringe pump/infusions. Baseline severity was assessed using APACHE II and qSOFA scores. Categorical variables were analyzed using the Chi-square test. 
Results
A total of 250 participants were enrolled and equally allocated into two groups 125 intervention and 125 Control. Analyzing the baseline clinical severities parameters including APACHE II scores (p = 0.845) and qSofa (p = 0.589) were distinguished between groups. No statistically significant differences were observed in primary clinical outcomes such as mortality (p =0.447) or discharge status (p = 0.609). A researcher independent double-checking before medication administration was documented in 81 (64.8%) intervention patients compared to 79 (63.2%) control patients (p =0.895). 
Conclusion  
In conclusion, primary outcomes were statistically distinct between the study groups, pharmacist-led observation and independent double-checking protocols established structured standardization in IV drug dilution, diluent selection, and infusion rate monitoring. Further research using more sensitive methods to assess key variables will provide a clearer and more comprehensive understanding of the true impact of pharmacist-led care on clinical outcomes.
Keywords:
High-Risk Medications; Intensive Care Units; Infusions; Patient Safety</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>High-Risk Medications</kwd>
        <kwd>Intensive Care Units</kwd>
        <kwd>Infusions</kwd>
        <kwd>Patient Safety</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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