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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>American Journal of Pharmacy and Health Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">AJPHR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2321-3647</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">AJPHR307004</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Effect of Erythropoietin with and without Iron Supplementation (Iv/Oral) in Anaemia with Chronic Kidney Damage Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Surakala</surname>
            <given-names>Swarna Latha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Viriti</surname>
            <given-names>Uma Sankar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sidhanadham</surname>
            <given-names>Arun Satyadev</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Vanagala</surname>
            <given-names>Madhavi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">Avanthi institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhaogapuram, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.</aff>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2015-07-01">
        <month>07</month>
        <day>01</day>
        <year>2015</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>3</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <abstract>
        <p>Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) / Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) is a progressive, long standing and irreversible impairment of renal functions for more than 3 months. Chronic kidney disease may also be identified when it leads to one of its recognized complications cardiovascular diseases, anemia, and pericarditis the most common causes of CKD are diabetes-mellitus, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis. Diagnosis of Chronic kidney disease involves urine, blood, and imaging tests (X-rays). In the present study, comparison between the hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients in terms of the proportion of patients receiving erythropoietin in regular, irregular and no usage of erythropoietin doses, and hemoglobin levels after initiation of erythropoietin was seen. It was found that mean level of occurrence of CKD is more in male compared to female. The severity of CKD was mainly observed due to the reasons like hypertension, diabetes mellitus and improper usage of medication. Among all these diseased states hypertension may be the main factor which progresses the CKD due to decreased secretions of renin, which reduced the function of kidney and synthesis of erythropoietin which results in anemia.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)</kwd>
        <kwd>Erythropoietin</kwd>
        <kwd>Hemoglobin</kwd>
        <kwd>Anemia.</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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