<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Article Tag Suite 1.1//EN"
  "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
         xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
         article-type="research-article"
         xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>American Journal of Pharmacy and Health Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">AJPHR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2321-3647</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">AJPHR501005</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Formulation and Evaluation of Propranolol Hydrochloride Loaded Mucoadhesive Microspheres</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ramalingam</surname>
            <given-names>Nethaji</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Parayil</surname>
            <given-names>Heeshma Thazhe</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Palanivelu</surname>
            <given-names>Manikandan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Surendiran</surname>
            <given-names>N. Subramaniam</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ganesan</surname>
            <given-names>Babu</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">Department of Pharmaceutics, 2.Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,</aff>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2017-01-01">
        <month>01</month>
        <day>01</day>
        <year>2017</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>5</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <abstract>
        <p>Propranolol hydrochloride is a beta blocking agent which is used for the treatment of hypertension and it is highly lipophilic and completely absorbed after oral administration. The present study, Propranolol  hydrochloride  Mucoadhesive microspheres were formulated using  sodium alginate and the different concentration of polymers like Xanthan gum  and Guar gum by ionic gelation technique with  an  aim  to  controlled  release and improve bioavailability.  Six formulations were prepared by using different drug to polymer ratios, and evaluated for relevant parameters.  Depending upon the drug to polymer ratio, the percentage yield is found between 51.06±0.51% to 72.42±0.83 % in all formulations. The surface morphology of the microspheres was characterized by SEM. The prepared microspheres were discrete, spherical in shape and showed free flowing properties. The mean particle size of microspheres significantly increases with increasing polymer concentration and it was in the range between 23.10±0.12 µm to 33.66±0.41 µm. Among all the formulation, XG-III showed a high drug entrapment efficiency of 68.28±0.53 % and highest percentage swelling index of 67.75±0.06 %. The in-vitro drug release studies revealed that XG-III formulation is controlled and found to be 86.8±0.20 % and GG-III is found to be 89.8±0.11 % at the end of dissolution studies. The mechanism of drug release was evaluated using the linear regression coefficient. Stability studies of selected formulation showed good results. It could be also concluding that the all the formulations were shown satisfactory results and suitable for potential therapeutic uses.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>Propranolol hydrochloride</kwd>
        <kwd>Mucoadhesive Microspheres</kwd>
        <kwd>Xanthan gum</kwd>
        <kwd>Guar gum</kwd>
        <kwd>In-vitro drug release</kwd>
        <kwd>Stability studies.</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <!-- Full article body not available in metadata-only JATS export. See PDF/HTML galley. -->
  </body>
  <back/>
</article>
