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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>American Journal of Pharmacy and Health Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">AJPHR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2321-3647</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">AJPHR504005</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Evaluation of HER2 In Breast Cancer Patients of Saudi Arabia using Conventional Immunohistochemistry and Modern Bright-Field Double IN Situ Hybridization</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alzahrani</surname>
            <given-names>Shrooq Ali Ahmad</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sabir</surname>
            <given-names>Jamal Sabir Muhammad</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Chaudhary</surname>
            <given-names>Adeel Gulzar Ahmed</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Buhmeida</surname>
            <given-names>Abdelbaset Salem</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2017-04-01">
        <month>04</month>
        <day>01</day>
        <year>2017</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>5</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <abstract>
        <p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) gene/protein amplification/expression patterns in breast cancer (BC) of Saudi patients by using conventional immunohistochemistry (IHC) and bright-field double in situ hybridization (BDISH) techniques. King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A total of 128 consent patients’ (aged 24 to 81 years) samples of breast cancer were subjected to screening for HER2/neu protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and later for amplification by bright-field dual in situ hybridization (BDISH) method. The clinicohistopathological data of all the patients were collected from the patients’ case records. The expression of the HER2/neu protein was evaluated, correlated to HER2/neu gene amplification status in BC and assessed for potential clinical value by correlation measures. IHC data determined that HER2/neu protein expressed in 18-20% (3+) of our BC patients in Saudi cohort. Some samples showed moderate membranous expression of HER2/neu protein and majority of samples showed either negative or 1+ expression. 73% of all the invasive ductal breast carcinoma tissue slides showed non-amplification HER2/neu gene status and 27% showed amplification HER2/neu gene status. Interestingly, there was a reasonable concordance rate (77 %) between IHC and BDISH data in the analyzed cohort. In conclusion, HER2/neu expression/amplification status in breast cancer of Saudi patients is within the range as compared to other ethnic groups. This HER2/neu (over-expression/amplification) status was concordant using either IHC or BDISH and significantly associated with disease aggressiveness and poor outcome.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>Amplification</kwd>
        <kwd>BDISH</kwd>
        <kwd>Breast Cancer</kwd>
        <kwd>Expression</kwd>
        <kwd>HER2/neu</kwd>
        <kwd>IHC.</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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