Ocular Morbidity

ABSTRACTThe visual system is the portion of the central nervous system through which human organism is able to see. Eye is very sensitive organ of our system so the care is very important. The task of the visual system is a big one. This system must have an almost innumerable amount of available information and extract only the useful information. Most important special sense in human being is the vision. For normal physical, mental, psychological development and education, vision should be normal. The aim of this review is to evaluate the ocular morbidity in the population of Uttarakhand. This study is a literature review of published studies from 2013 to 2017, held in the different journal and article and websites. Refractive error was the commonest ocular morbidity followed by disorders of conjunctiva, congenital malformations of eye, disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit, injury of eye and orbit, superficial injury of eye, disorders of sclera, cornea, iris and ciliary body, disorders of choroid and retina and presence of functional implant. Most common complaint among children was watering of the eye followed by discharge from eyes, redness of eye and headache, diminished vision, itching and inability to see clearly in dim light. Prevalence of ocular morbidity was significantly associated with age. Commonest causes of injury were contact lens wear, road traffic accidents, sports playing & recreational activities and occupational. Delay in presentation was associated with complications. Stable intervention programs targeting refractive errors, allergic conjunctivitis, infections of lid and adnexa and trauma are used to decrease the burden of ocular morbidity. Keywords: Visual System, Vision, Visual pathway, Visual Defects, Epidemiology, Ocular Morbidity

Human eyes are the precious gift from the Al-mighty Allah. The eyes play an important role in mobility, function and enjoyment of life. Without it, a man won't be able to see the beauty of this wonderful world. For this reason it is important to maintain good ocular health. Having good ocular health means that the eyes are disease free and vision is at least 20/20 or better with or without correction Health services related with eyes are one of the important aspect of school health services in which children are screened for various systemic and eye diseases such as refractive error, squint, amblyopia, cataract, vitamin deficiency etc. The basic aim of this study was to assess the factor influencing on ocular Morbidity amongst school going children. School surveys were conducted in various AMU Schools, Aligarh. A total of 1129 children between age group 8 to 12 years were enrolled in the study. Prevalence of Ocular morbidity was found in 32.3 % (n=365 out of 1129) Refractive error was found to be the most common cause of ocular morbidity 84.9 % (n= 310) followed by Conjunctivitis 7.9 % (n= 29).