Pharmacognosy

‘Migraine’ comes from the Greek word, hemicranias, which means pain affecting one side of the head (classical Migraine) may affect the entire head. In Ayurveda Ardhavabhedaka there is severe headache in half portion of the head either left or right. So we can correlate Ardhavabhedaka with Migraine. Migraine (Ardhavabhedaka) is one of the most disabling of neurological disorders. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified migraine among the world’s top 20 leading causes of disability. A clinical study was conducted on this problem with Brihat Jeevakadya Taila (BJT). It was inferred from the results that it was promising result effect in the treatment of Migraine. Till date there is no data regarding evaluation of BJT. It was aimed to develop the pharmacognostical and phytochemical profile of BJT. The samples were subjected to organoleptic, physicochemical analysis and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) examination by optimizing the solvent systems. The pharmacognostical study of ingredients of BJT shows the presence of Prismatic crystal, Stellate trichome, Oil globule, Border Pitted vessels etc. Pharmaceutical analysis showed that the loss on drying value was 0.1493% w/w, Specific gravity 0.9197, Refractive index 1.4780, Iodine value 72.21 and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography at 254 nm and 366 nm resulted into 8 & 7 spots respectively. These parameters of pharmacognosy and pharmaceutical analysis can become the baseline for future.

Herbal drug market is becoming more and more competitive day by day. Dashamoola is important group of ten plants whose roots are used for variety of purposes. Patala is one of the plants from this Dashamoola group. Its commonly accepted botanical source is Stereospermum suaveolens (Roxb.)DC. Stereospermum suaveolens (Roxb.)DC is identified as NT (Near threatened) species thus there is need to evaluate substitute for it to increase the source plants.1 Radermachera xylocarpa (Roxb.) K. Schum. can be used as substitute for Stereospermum suaveolens (Roxb.)DC.2 Free hand selections and organoleptic examination was done of all samples, microscopic characters, ash values, LOD, extractive values, Tannin content & other phyto-chemical analysis. Transverse section of both the samples show presence of stone cells, micro-crystals of ca-oxalate, simple and compound starch grains, brown content (Tannin). Phytochemical study reveals presence of a wide range of phytoconstituents like Glycosides, Steroids, alkaloids, Tannins and Flavonoids in both extracts. The quantitative estimation of Tannin in S. suaveolens root bark is 2.511%w/w and R.xylocarpa root bark 9.207 %w/w.

In the era of technology, when the manufacturing of Ayurvedicdrugs become the part of industrial business, then the standard parameters to check the market quality of drugs should be necessary then and then by the invincible Ayurvedicscience, treatment will be found efficacious. Present work had been carried out to analyzethe Nimbadi yoni vartifor their Physico-chemical parameter. The present study will assist in standardization for quality, purity and sample identification. Various standardization parameters like morphological characters, microscopic evaluation, physicochemical evaluations, preliminary phytochemical screening and TLC chromatographic profile of the drug were carried out and the qualitative parameters were reported. Pharmacognostical and phyto-chemical observations revealed the specific characters of all active constituents used in the preparation. The presence of tannin, fibers, sclerides, stone cells and calcium oxalate crystals were the characteristic features observed in the microscopy of drug combination. Phyto-chemical analysis showed that average weight  ofvarti is 3.5gm, disintegration time 1 hrs, pH 5.0, water soluble extract 36.88% w/w , Methanol soluble extract 4.212% w/w, Ash value 3.95% w/w, Loss on drying 33.84% w/w.Qualitative analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and anthraquinon glycosides. These studies provide referential information for correct evaluation and standardization of the Nimbadi yoni varti.