K.Malleswari

ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic had a severe global impact. A range of campaigns and activities, including vaccines, are being implemented to counteract this pandemic. Using observational data, the goal of this scoping review is to identify adverse events connected with COVID-19 vaccinations. We conduct a scoping study and searched three databases from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 through June 2022. Based on our criteria and searched keywords, the review included eleven papers in total, with the majority of the studies being conducted in developed countries. The study populations varied and included general community populations, healthcare professionals, military forces, and patients with systemic lupus and cancer. This study includes vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech, Oxford-AstraZeneca, Sinopharm, and Moderna. The COVID-19 vaccine-related adverse events were classified into three types: local side effects, systemic side effects, and other side effects such as allergies. The adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines are mild to moderate in severity, with no significant influence or interference in individual daily activities and no unique patterns in cause of death among vaccine-related deaths. According to the findings of these investigations, the COVID-19 vaccine is safe to administer and induces protection. It is vital to convey accurate information to the public about vaccination side effects, potential adverse responses, and the safety level of the vaccines supplied. Multiple strategies must be implemented at the individual, organizational, and population levels to eliminate vaccine hesitance. Future studies could investigate the vaccine’s effect on people of various ages and medical conditions. Keywords: COVID-19, vaccination, immune system, blood cells

ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease is one of the most devastating brain disorders of elderly humans. It is a decade has witnessed a steadily increasing effort directed at discovering the etiology of the disease and developing pharmacological treatment. Recent developments include improved clinical diagnostic guidelines and improved treatment of both cognitive disturbance and behavioral problems. Symptomatic treatment mainly focusing on cholinergic therapy has been clinically evaluated by randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group studies measuring performance-based tests of cognitive function, activities of daily living, and behavior. The role of estrogen replacement, anti-inflammatory agents, and antioxidants is controversial and needs further study. Antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, anxiolytics, and hypnotics are used for the treatment of behavioral disturbance. Future directions in the research and treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease include: applying functional brain imaging techniques in early diagnosis and evaluation of treatment efficacy; development of new classes of medications working on different neurotransmitter systems (cholinergic, glutamatergic, etc.) Keywords: Dementia, Symptoms and Stages of disease, Etiology, Pathology, Neurophysiology, Risk factors, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevalence, 

The review on drug targeting in neoplastic disorders emphasizes the various targeting techniques for  effective treatment of the condition. Neoplasm refers to the new growth and its common in any individual, uncontrolled neoplasm results in condition called neoplastic disorder or tumor or cancer. Globally 14.1 million cancer cases were reported in 2012 and the number is expected to reach 24 million by 2035. This review outlines the advances in drug targeting to the neoplastic disorders  keeping in view on the highlights the novel drug delivery systems like liposomes and particulate system like nanoparticles  problems associated with conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. It usage in treatment of cancer and effective targeting ways to target the tumor cells without affecting the normal cells. 

ABSTRACTPhotocatalysis represents a unique class of chemical transformations. It utilizes the energy delivered by light and drives reactions that are difficult, sometimes even impossible, to carry out in dark. When used for thermodynamically uphill reactions such as photosynthesis, photocatalysis promises a sustainable solution to large scale solar energy storage. Despite the longstanding interest in this process and research efforts, existing photocatalysis demonstrations are limited to academic laboratory settings. Chief among the reasons for the slow progress is the lack of suitable photocatalysts materials for large scale applications. For the purpose of effective light absorption, charge separation, and charge transfer, a large number of photocatalytic materials, including conventional semiconductors and emerging photoelectronic materials such as nanoscale plasmonic metal particles, quantum dots, and 2D materials, have been studied.1 Keywords: Photocatalysis, Solar energy, Materials, Properties, Applications.