Sara

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Leptadaenia reticulata for immunomodulating activity. The aqueous extract of plant of Leptadaenia reticulata holds potential as a protective agent against cytotoxic drugs. The extracts when studied on humoral and cell mediated immunity in normal, as well as cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppressed rats, it produced an increase in carbon clearance, humoral antibody (HA) titre, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) and white blood cell (WBC) count in a dose dependent manner. The aqueous extract also enhanced interleukin-2 (IL-2) level in a dose dependent manner while the IL-6 showed almost stable level. The present investigation established pharmacological evidence to support the folklore claim that it is an immunomodulating.

In the present investigation we have synthesized a series of new 2-arylidene-N-(benzoxazole-2-yl) hydrazine carboxamide and 2-arylidene-N-(5-chloro benzoxazole-2-yl) hydrazine carboxamide derivatives (VIIIa-VIIIf& VIIIA-VIIIE). The newly synthesized derivatives were characterized by using the data of IR, 'H NMR and Mass Spectral analysis. Thus synthesized and characterized targeted compounds were further screened for their anti-inflammatory activity by using Carrageenan - induced paw edema rat model. Among all the newly synthesized derivatives, Compounds VIIIa-c and Compounds VIIIA-C were reduced the inflammation very significantly , thus these compounds showed promising anti-inflammatory activity and compounds VIIId-VIIIf& VIIID-VIIIF showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity.

The seaweed Hypnea valentiae was extracted with solvents hexane, acetone and methanol. In the preliminary screening, hexane extract showed wide spectrum activity against ten human bacterial pathogens. The maximum level inhibition was observed against Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Micrococcus luteus and minimum against Vibrio cholerae. The assessment of seasonal variation in antibacterial activity with hexane extract showed higher activity during postmonsoon season followed by summer, premonsoon and monsoon season. The epiphytic bacterial density on surface of Hypnea valentiae was 25 x 103 CFU/cm2. Ten epiphytic bacteria (HV1- HV10) was isolated and the strain HV10 showed higher activity which was identified based on the morphologically and biochemical character as Alcaligenes sp. It was further cultured and the culture supernatant was extracted with hexane, n-butanol and water. The n-butanol extract showed higher activity against Shigella flexneri and minimum against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus epidermis. The investigation has proved that seaweed Hypnea valentiae and its epiphytic bacterial strain could be the potential source of bioactive compounds of biomedical importance.

Psoriasis is most frequently affects the skin of the elbows, knees, scalp, lumbosacral areas. It is the typical lesion well-demarcated, pink to salmon-colored plaque covered by loosely adherent scales that are characteristically silver white in color. Several topical therapies are available for the treatments of Scalp psoriasis like emollients, keratolytics, corticosteroids, tar, anthralin, vitamin D analogues and retinoids. .Currently available medications such as ointments and solutions are often greasy, sticky, odorous, difficult to apply, require frequent application, and are expensive causes poor patients compliance. In proposed work it is planned to prepare cream formulations of non-greasy and water removable, and improve patient’s compliance. This cream is o/w emulsion based formulation contain suitable combination of oil phase and aqueous phase along with preservatives, was prepared and subjected to various physiochemical parameters like drug content, pH, spreadability, tube extrudability, viscosity and IR studies. In-vitro drug release was carried out in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and compared with marketed formulation. Stability studies of formulation were also done at ambient temperature (30oC&40 oC) for the period of six months as per ICH guidelines. The formulations were subjected for primary skin irritation test in rabbits, guinea pigs, and healthy human volunteers for 72 hours and observed for any skin rashes, inflammation, itching, or redness. Drug content, pH, Spreadability, Tube extrudability of the formulation was found to be 95.47%, 7.2, 12.28gm.cm/sec, 96.14% respectively. From rheogram it is concluded that formulation shows pseudoplastic flow property. From our study it is revealed that salicylic acid  cream formulation should be useful for treatment of scalp psoriasis.