Selenium

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential toxic effects of bioallethrin-based Mosquito-Repellents (MR) in non-adult rats as well as to ascertain whether the antioxidant substances such as Vitamin C and Vitamin E + Selenium  have any roles in preventing such toxic effects or not. 100 rat pups were divided into four study groups (each group consists of 25 rat pups) as Group I (control), Group II (bioallethrin), Group III (Vit C+ bioallethrin) and Group IV (Vit E+selenium+bioallethrin).  The animals in Group II, III, IV were exposed to the vapor of heated tablets including 4.2% bioallethrin 8 hours/day for a period of ninety days in a room with a volume of 23 m3. Vit C was added at a concentration of 500 mg/L to the fresh drinking water of animals in Group III. Vit E+Selenium combination was administered intraperitonally to the animals in Group IV once weekly at a dose of 50 mg/kg. According to the results, it was determined that antioxidants, particularly combination of Vitamin E+selenium administration, may be beneficial at preventing toxic effects of bioalletrin in rat pups. As a conclusion, when bioallethrin based- MR is used, Vit E+Selenium combination can be advised to prevent the effects of bioallethrin.

Trace elements are essential for health, growth and functioning of a number of components of the immune system. They are very important for a number of enzymes and proteins which are involved in many physiological and biochemical processes related to growth, production and reproduction. There are many trace elements which are associated with thyroid function, among which Iodine is very important  as it is the source for thyroid hormones synthesis . Selenium-containing enzymes protect the thyroid gland from oxidative stress and the selenium-based proteins help to regulate hormone synthesis, converting T4 into the more accessible and active T3. These proteins and enzymes help to regulate metabolism and maintain the right amount of thyroid hormones in the organs where it is being used. Similarly trace elements like zinc, iron and copper are vital for thyroid function. In this review, we have summarized all information available on the role of trace elements for the functioning of Thyroid gland. Some trace elements showed increased concentration in malignant and benign thyroid nodules and therefore, those trace elements can also be used as markers of thyroid cancers.