bioavailability

ABSTRACTThe oral route is a strategy that has been in use for many years. Although it is the most popular and widely used method for giving drugs to people orally, various restrictions, such as drug absorption or drug targeting to a specific 1organ, might make it difficult to administer... To address these issues as well as to advance medication development security and effectiveness In-situ Nasal Delivery is a unique method for medication delivery system for delivering drugs. The medication used in nasal gels is given as a low viscosity solution. The nasal mucosa when in contact with the polymer’s conformation transforms to a gel-like state. It is appropriate to use the nasal gel formulation for medications whose oral administration is challenging. Various biodegradable polymers that are used for the formulation of in situ gels include gellan gum, alginic acid, xyloglucan, pectin, chitosan, poly(DLlactic acid), poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) and poly-caprolactone. Keywords: In situ gel, bioavailability , polymers, nasal drug delivery.

ABSTRACTThe objective of preformulation study is to develop the elegant, stable, effective and safe dosage form by establishing kinetic profile, compatibility with other formulation excipients and to establish physico-chemical parameter of new drug substance. This could provide important information for formulation design or support the need for molecular modification. So, in the present study preformulation studies were performed on Dolasetron (DS) to assess its suitability for nasal formulation. DS is a specific and selective serotonin subtypes 3 (5-HT) receptor antagonists, used to treat chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting. The authenticity of DS was established by DSC and FITR spectra. An UV spectrophotometric method and HPLC method were employed for determination of DS in bulk and blood plasma respectively. Saturation solubility, micromeritical properties, melting point, pH, hygroscopicity and stability profile were studied. The UV method was linear in the range of 5-50 ?g/ml. The low % CV values of intra-day and inter-day variations revealed that the proposed method is robust. The retention time of DS in HPLC method was found to be 2.8 min. The method was proven robust by obtaining very high regression coefficient value (0.999). The results of the physicochemical study of drug revealed suitability of DS for nasal route. Moreover, the drug was found stable in both solid as well as liquid state at different conditions. Keywords: Preformulation, dolasetron, nasal formulation, bioavailability, stability

ABSTRACTLiquisolid strategy is otherwise called powder solution technology. It is the system which manages the solubility upgrade of inadequately solvent medications. As nowadays there are numerous medications in the market with poor solvency which prompts poor disintegration and bioavailability, so dissolvability is getting to be rate constraining component in the advancement of new medications. To defeat this issue there are numerous systems yet liquisolid strategy is most encouraging procedure which is talked about in this article. Liquisolid is for the most part made out of medication, non volatile solvent, carrier material, coating material, and disintegrant. In liquisolid strategy carrier and coating material which ought to be in the proportion of 20:1 is blended into the non volatile solvent and after that disintegrant is included and last material is packed into tablets. Henceforth, the liquisolid innovation permits the change of fluid frameworks into strong medication conveyance frameworks. Both quick and managed arrival of medication can likewise be accomplished with the assistance of liquisolid procedure. For sustained release of medication hydrophilic polymer like Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose can be the best choice. The motivation behind this article is to depict about the liquisolid strategy like basics, classification, preformulation examines, characterization, pre compression contemplates, detailing of tablet, post compression thinks about, points of interest, drawbacks, applications.Keywords: Liquisolid, bioavailability, dissolution, sustained release.

For the assessment effect of food on the pharmacokinetic parameters of Hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ) data of reference product (12.5 mg capsule) from two bio-equivalence studies were combined and evaluated. 36 male healthy subjects participated in the fasting and non fasting study. Subjects received the drug product after 12 hours(h) overnight fast for the fasting study and after 30.0 minutes of high fat  breakfast for the non-fasting study. Blood samples were collected from time of dosing to 60 h of the post dosing at predefined time. Blood samples were analyzed for the concentration of the HCTZ by using validated LC/MS/MS technique. Food decrease the Cmax by about 28% and AUC by about 9%. While Tmax was delayed about 97%(from 2.185h to 4.320h). food prolonged the mean resident time of HCTZ. 

The poor solubility is major drawback in the path of oral bioavailability. The oral bioavailability now a day is being enhanced via different technology. In which formulation of self nanoemulsified system proved to be highly significant in terms of improving oral bioavailability. Self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system is an isotropic mixture of natural or synthetic oils, surfactants, cosurfactants and solvents etc. Under gentle agitation in the intestinal tract this system forms fine oil-in water (o/w) microemulsion prior to absorption and thus dissolution are not a rate limiting step. The current review outlines current updates on self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system and in vitro in vivo correlation of Probucol. Many formulations based on lipid drug delivery was successfully marketed under the trade name of Neoral® (cyclosporine, Novartis), Ritonavir (Norvir®, Abbott laboratories), Fortovase (Saquinavir, Hoffmann‐La Roche lnc.), Agenerase (Amprenavir, GlaxoSmithKline), lipirex (Fenofibrate, Sanofi‐ Aventis).