Staphylococcus aureus

ABSTRACTAcne vulgaris is the most common chronic skin disease of the world. The bacteria responsible for acne are Staphylococcus aureus. So many synthetic products are available in the market for acne treatment including antibiotics, but serious side effects arises due to the long-term use of synthetically prepared anti-acne preparations. Bacterial resistance is the major problem that occurs due to the irrational use of antibiotics, in addition to this skin problem, such as erythema, allergy, sunburn and melanin pigmentation. As from ancient times, natural plant substances have been shown to be promising candidates for acne treatment without side effects. Therefore in the present study, the anti acne cream formulation has been prepared using Vitex negundo (leaves), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (flower) and Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca alternifoli). The prepared formulation was evaluated on the basis of greasiness, spreadability, homogeneity, skin irritancy, viscosity, pH, emolliency and stability. The antibacterial study was also performed using a well diffusion technique and results showed that formulation possess sufficient anti bacterial activity. This showed that the optimized formulation has anti-acne properties. Keywords: Anti acne, Staphylococcus aureus, Vitex negundo, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Melaleuca alternifolia.

The rhizome of Bergenia ligulata, belonging to the family Saxifragaceae was screened for its antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Salmonella typhii using agar well diffusion method. Methanol extract exhibited larger inhibition zone 21mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae as compared to Salmonella typhii and Escherichia coli. Ethanol extract showed larger inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhii. Acetone extract showed larger inhibition of 24mm zone against Escherichia coli as compared to Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhii and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Water extract showed largest inhibition zone of 25mm against Staphyloccus aureus as compared to Salmonella typhii, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The presence of phytochemicals like Saponins, Flavonoids, Phenols, Tannins, Quinones, Carbohydrates, steroids and alkaloids supports its use as medicinal plant for the treatment of various ailments.