antimicrobial activity

ABSTRACTDevelopment  of  green  nanotechnology  is  generating  interest  of  researchers  toward  ecofriendly  biosynthesis  of nanoparticles. In  this  study,  biosynthesis  of stable copper  nanoparticles were done using Ficus Racemosa  leaf extract.   First  we  prepared leaf extract of  Ficus Racemosa  sanctum in  deionised water. This  extract added  to  0.02 M of copper sulfate solution and we observed the change in color of the solution from colorless to colored solution, this indicates that there is a formation of Cu nanoparticles.  These biosynthesized  Cu nanoparticles were characterized with the help  of UV –Visible Spectroscopy. It was observed that the Ficus Racemosa  leaf extract can reduce copper ions into copper nanoparticles within 8 to 10 min of reaction time.  Thus, this method can be used for rapid and ecofriendly biosynthesis of stable copper nanoparticles. Further, microscopic examination and antimicrobial activity of synthesized nanoparticles was done against several bacteria and fungi.

The rhizome of Bergenia ligulata, belonging to the family Saxifragaceae was screened for its antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Salmonella typhii using agar well diffusion method. Methanol extract exhibited larger inhibition zone 21mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae as compared to Salmonella typhii and Escherichia coli. Ethanol extract showed larger inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhii. Acetone extract showed larger inhibition of 24mm zone against Escherichia coli as compared to Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhii and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Water extract showed largest inhibition zone of 25mm against Staphyloccus aureus as compared to Salmonella typhii, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The presence of phytochemicals like Saponins, Flavonoids, Phenols, Tannins, Quinones, Carbohydrates, steroids and alkaloids supports its use as medicinal plant for the treatment of various ailments.

Current study endeavored to examine the microbiological quality as well as the anti-bacterial traits of different sterile liquid drops commonly applied for the treatment of eye and ear infections in Bangladesh. Fifteen (15) different types of liquid drops manufactured in different pharmaceutical industries were microbiologically examined through common, traditional and replicable cultural and biochemical tests. Total viable bacterial and fungal load (~101 -104 cfu/ml) showed repugnant contamination of which 7 samples significantly exceeded United States Pharmacopeia (USP) or British Pharmacopeia (BP) limit (