Swathi P

ABSTRACTAnthocyanins are colored water-soluble pigments belonging to the group of phenols. Anthocyanins responsible for the colors, red, purple and blue, are found in fruits and vegetables. Fruit peels have gradually gained popularity as scientists have found that the peels in many cases show better biological and pharmacological uses than other parts of the fruit. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of fruit peel extracts and natural products obtained in the food industry, together with their other potential biological applications, such as apples, plums, pomegranate, dragon fruit, strawberries and grapes.Keywords: Anthocyanins, Fruits, Peels.  

ABSTRACTThe present study was carried out to study the herb drug interactions between the traditional medicine Allium sativum with conventional antidiabetic drug Pioglitazone in normal and diabetic conditions. Blood samples were collected from rats by retro orbital puncture at regular intervals of time 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 hr. The Pioglitazone and Allium sativum showed dose dependent reduction of blood glucose levels. The optimum blood glucose reduction was obtained at 10mg/kg of pioglitazone and 200mg/kg of Allium sativum in normal rats. The blood glucose levels were found to be decreased and insulin levels were increased significantly in both single and multiple dose combinations of Pioglitazone and Allium sativum both in normal rats (4hr) as well as in Alloxan induced diabetic rats (3hr) compared with the pioglitazone alone. Since the combination of Allium sativum and pioglitazone producing the significant synergistic action in producing hypoglycemia and anti hyperglycemia, care must be taken while prescribing the combination in clinical situation. Keywords: Pioglitazone, Allium sativum, Blood Glucose.

ABSTRACTThe present study evaluates the antioxidant potential of hydro alcoholic pericarp extract of Momordica chochinchinensis (HAPMC) using different model systems. To establish the link between glycation and oxidation processes, the HAPMC extract has been evaluated for its in vitro radical scavenging  activity against superoxide, hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, ferric and ABTS+ radical and antiglycation activities like the inhibitory activities on bovine serum albumin (BSA) and as well as protein oxidation markers including protein carbonyl formation (PCO). The results indicated that the HAPMC possesses the highest antioxidant potential against superoxide, hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, ferric radical and ABTS+ radical. The HAPMC extract at different concentrations (10–250 µg/ml) has significantly quenched the fluorescence intensity of glycated BSA and the glycoxidation measured in terms of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Furthermore, the study demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of HAPMC extract in preventing oxidative protein damages including effect on PCO formation, which are believed to form under the glycoxidation processes. These results clearly demonstrate that the HAPMC, owning to its antioxidant content, is capable of suppressing the oxidative stress, carbonyl stress and formation of AGEs and protein oxidation in vitro. Keywords: Advanced glycated end products, Oxidation, Momordica chochinchinensis

The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous leaf extract of Teminalia catappa (ALTC).  Antioxidant activity of the ALTC was determined by following some well established methods for free radical scavenging such as superoxide, hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide and DPPH radical scavenging activities using ascorbic acid as standard. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by using HRBC membrane stabilization assay and albumin denaturation assay using diclofenac as standard.  Treatment with ALTC showed dose dependent activity against superoxide, hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide and DPPH radicals. The ALTC showed significantly stabilization of membrane and denaturation of protein at a concentration range of 100-500µg/ml.  The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Teminalia catappa might be due to the anthocyanins in pericarp. Key words: Teminalia catappa, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory activity

Phytochemical techniques played a significant role in searching raw materials and resources for pharmaceutical industry. Preliminary Phytochemical tests are helpful in finding and locating chemical constituents which are source of pharmacologically active principles.  were carried out by employing standard methods for conducting Qualitative phytochemical analysis for studying the presence of active compounds like alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, tannins flavonoids, volatile oils, reducing sugars and steroids. Aqueous pericarp extract of Litchi chinensis showed presence of phenolic compounds, except flavonoids, volatile oils alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, reducing sugars and steroids. The antimicrobial activity of aqueous pericarp extract of Litchi chinensis was studied by agar well diffusion method in vitro.   The effect of antimicrobial potential was examined Salmonella typhi, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysenteriae, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The aqueous extract of the fruit pericarp has showed consistently significant inhibitory activity on different bacterial species tested and found the significance of antimicrobial activity of Litchi chinensis.