DPPH

ABSTRACTSpinacia oleracea is a green leafy vegetable widely consumed for its nutritional value. The present research work is focused on spinacia oleracea seed extract for evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and in vivo anxiolytic activities. Spinach leaves antioxidant properties are well documented but the bioactive potential of seeds remains unexplored. Hence this research work aims to explore the antioxidant and anxiolytic effects of Spinacia oleracea seed extract using standard in vitro and in vivo methods. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the spinacia oleracea seed extract at dose of 50,100,300 and 500µg/ml were assayed using hydroxyl radical scavenging, nitric oxide, and DPPH radical scavenging assay and results are compared with standard reference drug Gallic acid at concentration 2.5µg/ml. In behavioral studies, spinacia oleracea seed extract at dose of 75mg/kg and 150mg/kg was tested on albino mice subjected to standard behavioral paradigms such as elevated plus maze, open field test, hole board test, and y-maze. The results of these effects were compared to standard anxiolytic drug diazepam. The results obtained were encouraging and indicated significant antioxidant and anxiolytic effect. The FTIR studies revealed that the seed extract was rich in phenolic compounds known for its antioxidant property.Keywords: Spinacia oleracea; antioxidant; DPPH; anxiolytic; elevated plus maze; FTIR  

ABSTRACTThe objective of the present work is to evaluate and establish the potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action of the Resveratrol and BioPerineÒ combination against DPPH was found to be 57.01µg/mL. The Resveratrol and BioPerineÒ combination was able to reduce the inhibition after the third hour significantly (p<0.01) exhibiting 50.87% reduction in edema volume. Keywords: Resveratrol, BioPerine, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, DPPH, Rat paw edema, carrageenan

Capsicum (Capsicum annuum) of different ripening stages contains different biochemicals that might be altered by the cooking processes practiced in the different part of this country. The present study was designed to analyze their in vitro antioxidant profile before and after thermal processing in water at different temperatures and pH. Thermal processing was done at 60oC, 80oC and 100oC, whereas pH 5.0 and 9.0 were also used for extraction. The assays performed included DPPH radical decolorization assay, reducing power assay and assay for total phenolic contents. It was observed that the reducing power and total phenolic content improved in case of all the three different maturity stages of the vegetable after thermal processing and pH dependent extraction. DPPH radical scavenging ability, however, was diminished. This indicated that non-polar antioxidants were not extracted in the extraction conditions. Improved antioxidant profile in aqueous assay systems was probably due to better solublization of the polar antioxidants in hot water and different acid-base conditions. Improvement in the total phenolic contents substantiated the radical scavenging abilities of the three variants after aqueous extraction.

Bitter gourd or Karela (Momordica charantia) belongs to the family cucurbitaceae. It is high in vitamins and an excellent source of iron and calcium. It is also known to cure diabetes, arthritis, rheumatism, asthma, warts, abscesses and ulcers. In the present study bitter gourd tea was developed and its sensory evaluation was conducted. The bitter gourd tea was screened for possible antioxidant activities by free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and reducing power assay. The total phenolic content was also determined. The results of the investigations on appearance, color, flavor, taste and overall acceptability values ranged from 6.1 to 8.5. The amount of total phenolic contents found in bitter gourd tea extract was (264 ± 1.63) mg/g gallic acid equivalent (GAE). The bitter gourd tea exhibited antioxidant activity in the range from 18.35 ± 0.80 - 65.96% ± 2.50 at the concentrations (20-100µg/ml) in DPPH radical scavenging method. A concentration dependent reducing potential were exhibited by the bitter gourd tea which was compared with BHA and it was found that its antioxidant activity was higher than standard antioxidant BHA. The bitter gourd tea extract and standard BHA showed antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 72.04 ± 3.25 μg/ml and 98.75 ± 3.92 μg/ml, respectively. These results indicated that bitter gourd tea may be used as a potential source of natural antioxidant.

Medicinal plants are commonly used in treating or preventing specific ailments or diseases are considered to play a beneficial role in health care. Therefore, the study of plants as a resource of medicine has become more important in the present world for preventing the human beings from oxidative stress diseases and deaths. Objective of the present study is to evaluate the effects of acetone, methanol and aqueous extracts of Syzygium caryophyllatum roots for its antioxidant activity. Using different in vitro models like DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay in a concentration dependent manner (500, 400, 300, 200 and 100 mg/ml) and ABTS radical scavenging activity. The results showed that the methanol root extract had high DPPH radical scavenging activity (62.33%) and ferric reducing capacity than the other extracts. But the results were less when compared to the standard used. The results of this research work indicate the utilization of the root extract of S. caryophyllatum as a significant source of natural antioxidants.

Peperomia Pellucida Linn (Piperaceae) has been traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments such as abdominal pain, acne, boils, colic, fatigue, gout, headache, renal disorders, and rheumatic joint pain. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of phenols and flavonoids in P.Pellucida. Thus the present study, aims to determine the in vitro antioxidant activity and to estimate the phenolic and flavonoid content in the methanolic extract of the whole plant of  Peperomia Pellucida Linn .Total phenolic content (TPC) was estimated using Folin-Ciocalteau’s reagent and total flavonoid (TF) content by Aluminium chloride colorimetric method. DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl), ABTS (2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid )and nitric oxide scavenging method were carried out to evaluate  the in vitro antioxidant activity.  Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found to be 3.91g gallic acid equivalent per 100 g and 5.80g quercetin equivalent per 100 g of methanolic extract respectively by spectrophotometric method.IC50 value of methanolic extract of Peperomia Pellucida Linn were found to be  351.56±0.21μg/ml ,76.51±0.19μg/ml and 282.30±0.42μg/ml respectively in DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide scavenging assays . These primary findings suggest that the methanol extract of  P.Pellucida Linn possess phenolic and flavonoid constituents that are responsible for antioxidant activity.