ABSTRACT

Bryophyllum pinnatum is one of the important and most commonly used plant belongs to the family crassularaceae. This plant is mainly used as a tropical medicinal plant in India, America and other countries. The presence of various chemical constituents in this plant can be used as a medicine for various diseases. The important chemical constituents present in the plant include alkaloids, triterpenes, flavonoids, lipids, glycosides, phenols, bufadienolides, and organic acids. Due to the presence of these chemical constituents Bryophyllum pinnatum shows various pharmacological activities like, nephroprotective, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant antipyretic, and neuropharmacological activity. This review covers various pharmacological activities of the plant Bryophyllum pinnatum.

Keywords: Bryophyllum pinnatum, Plant, glycosides, leaves.

ABSTRACT

In global market the demand for cosmeceuticals have shown an appreciable amount of enhancement over the past few years, especially the novel technology is more explored by the researchers as well as the marketers. Nanotechnology provides a wide platform for innovation and variation, the nanocosmeceuticals have shown an amplifiable amount of growth. Nanocosmeceuticals such as nanogels, nanoemulsions, liposomes, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles etc. have been used widely due to targeted delivery of the active ingredient, modification in shape, size, colour, penetration into the skin, controlled release delivery of the actives and much more. In global market there are a lot many Nanocosmeceuticals based products exist. Especially, Nanogels are three dimensional polymer network systems and they  provides favourable characteristics to formulate, incorporate & fabricate hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic formulations which are required in many cosmeceuticals products. Nanogels can easily replace the conventional cosmeceuticals due to substantial amount of benefit which it provide such as their stimuli responsive behavior, pH responsive mechanism of drug release, small particle size, high water imbibing capacity, tremendous bio compatibility. The various applications of the nanogels in cosmeceuticals has been discussed in this review along with the general properties of the nanogel.

Keywords: Nanogel, Nanocosmeceuticals, Nanotechnology, Global Market 

ABSTRACT

Nanotechnology is the advancing technology which is based on the study of manipulating the matter on a Nano scale range, and it refers to the constructing and engineering of the functional systems at atomic level. Nanotechnology lead to the development of various types of novel drug delivery systems like liposomes, microparticles, niosomes and proniosomes. Liposomes and niosomes has some demerits like leaking, fusion, aggregation, distribution, transportation and storage. To overcome the demerits of both liposomes and niosomes, proniosomes are developed with enhanced physical stability during storage and transport as they are dry formulation of water soluble carrier encoated with the surfactant and drug encapsulated in the proniosomal vesicles, which helps in prolongation of duration of retention of drug in systemic circulation and by reaching the target tissue shows its action which results in reduced toxicity. This review mainly focusses on demerits of liposomes and niosomes, methods of preparation, characterization and applications of Proniosomes.

Keywords: Liposomes, Niosomes, Proniosomes, Stability, Surfactant, Cholesterol, Characterization, Applications.

ABSTRACT

Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach mainly used to treat erosive esophagitis and other condition involving excess stomach acid such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The objective of present study was to Formulate and Evaluate fast dissolving tablets of Pantoprazole sodium. In the preformulation study, IR Spectra of pure drug and with different polymers showed no interaction (no shift in peak). To enhance faster disintegration rate, super disintigrants such as croscarmallose sodium, Crospovidone and Sodium starch glycolate were tried. To evaluate their role in fast dispersion, they were used in different concentrations hence in the present study 9 formulations were prepared. The prepared tablets were subjected to various parameters like uniformity of weight, hardness, friability, drug content, water absorption ratio, wetting time, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro dissolution studies. The effect of different super disintigrants over the Drug release profile was investigated. In the study, all powder blends showed good flow ability (angle of repose below 30º), bulk density in the range between 0.33-0.37 g/cm³ tapped density in the range between 0.34 and 0.39 g/cm³, and the compressibility index was found to be between 5.83 and 9.98 %, which ensures the blend that may be suitable for direct compression in to tablets. In vitro disintegration time for all formulation batches i.e. F-1 to F-9 showed wide variation in the range between 8.78.64 to 19.35 seconds and % Drug dissolved at 30 seconds. The prepared tablets exhibited satisfactory physico-chemical characteristics. The prepared formulations containing superdisintegrants, Crospovidone Along with microcrystalline cellulose showed faster dispersion and dissolution profile as compared with other two superdisintegrants containing formulations. Moreover, the  study revealed Crospovidone showed satisfactory results than the superdisintegrants like croscarmilose sodium and sodium starch glycolate.

Keywords: Pantoprazole, Fast dissolving tablets, polymers, in-vitro drug release.

ABSTRACT

Ulcer can get developed inside the inner lining of the stomach (gastric ulcer) or the small intestine (duodenal ulcer). Both the ulcers are also cumulatively referred as peptic ulcers. This Prenanthes Sarmentosus leaves were used for reducing gastric irritation by people. This study was performed to avoid folklore belief.  The present study was carried by pylorus ligation, aqueous alcohol induced ulcer models in albino rats. The antiulcer activity of AAPS (150, 300 mg/kg p.o. for 10 days) was compared with standard drug (Omeprazole 0.5 mg/kg body weight). In pyloric ligation induced ulcer model, the studied parameters were gastric volume, pH, total acidity, free acidity, and ulcer index were determined for observing the severity of ulcers. In this study the volume of gastric content, total/free acidity was significantly decreased at p <0.05 and p <0.01 and pH of the gastric juice was significantly increased at p <0.05 and p <0.01 in AAPS treated groups as compared to control group. All the doses of AAPS showed dose dependent antiulcer effect as well as significant (p <0.05 and p <0.01) reduction in the ulcer index as compared to control group in all the experimental models.

Keywords: Antiulcer effect, Pylorus ligation, Ulcer index