ABSTRACT

Psoriasis is a multi-factorial skin disease with a complex pathogenesis. Various factors which have been suggested to play a key role in the pathogenesis are T cells, antigen presenting cells (APC's), keratinocytes, Langerhans' cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, an array of Th1 type cytokines. The age of onset, chronicity, physical, and psychosocial consequences of the disease cause psoriasis to have a significant impact on patient quality of life. Scalp psoriasis is no different, and effective treatment results in an improvement in quality of life. Successful management of scalp psoriasis includes topical therapies that are acceptable to the patient for mild-to-moderate disease, and systemic therapies for recalcitrant or moderate-to-severe disease. The factors influencing psoriasis severity, the indications for systemic treatments, the overall parameters to be considered in the treatment choice, life style interventions, and the recommendations for the use, screening, and monitoring of systemic therapies available including acitretin, cyclosporine, methotrexate, apremilast, adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab.

Keywords: Psoriasis, pathogensis, systemic therapies

ABSTRACT

An efficient and simple RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of Repaglinide (REPA) and Metformin Hydrochloride (MET). The separation was carried out using mobile phase consisting of Phosphate buffer: Methanol (30:70). The column was used Luna 5u C18 (2) 100A of size 0.25m *4.6mm with flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Drug peaks were well separated and were detected by a UV detector at 260 nm.. The described method was linear over concentration range of 10-50 ppm for assay of REPA and MET. The retention time of REPA and MET was found to be 4.31. The method has been validated according to ICH guidelines with respect to system suitability, specificity, precision, accuracy, ruggedness and robustness. Metformin limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.0386 mg/ml and 0.1169mg/ml respectively while LOD and LOQ for Repaglinide were 0.0339?g/ml and 0.1025?g/ml respectively and thus can be successfully applied for the routine analysis of REPA and MET in bulk and marketed dosage forms.

Keywords: Repaglinide, Metformin Hydrochloride, RP-HPLC, Simultaneous estimation, Validation

ABSTRACT

Hydroxychloroquine is used in the treatment of malaria due to its pharmacological activity and with minimal adverse effects. Hydroxychloroquine is used in treatment of the diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus. In some countries, it is also indicated in the prevention or treatment of malaria. It has been developed in the 1950s from chloroquine, an old anti-malarial drug. COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease, transmitted through respiratory droplets by affected person through sneezing, coughing, talking, which also spread by touching a contaminated surface or may object. The person infected with the disease shows flu-like symptoms such as fever, muscle pain, cough and sore throat in five to six days after infection, while some patients may remain asymptomatic carriers. The disease further develops severe pneumonia in the patients. The mortality rate is high in patients with underlying conditions and those aged 60 years and above. This review complies about the mechanism, precautions, toxicity, ongoing trials of hydroxychloroquine and their medicinal usage.

Keywords: Chloroquine, Clinical trials, COVID-19, Hydroxychloroquine.

ABSTRACT

The main aim of the study was to design Perphenazine solid lipid nanoparticles and to evaluate them. The Perphenazine solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared by the hot homogenization followed by ultrasonication method by using the different lipids (Tristearin, GMS, Compritol) Soya lecithin as stabilizer and Tween-80 used as surfactant. The FTIR test is conducted as the preliminary test, by this test there was no interaction between the drug and lipids. Then nanoparticles were evaluated for particle size, PDI, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and in-vitro drug release. The particle size ranged from 53.46 to 518.6 d.nm, PDI ranged from 0.284 to 0.502, zeta potential from -9.83 to -40.96 mV and entrapment efficiency was ranged from 77.45 to 95.38%.The cumulative percentage release from all SLNs varied from 53.35 to 88.74 % after 24hours depending upon the drug and lipid ratio and F2 formulation showed highest drug release i.e., 88.74%. The release kinetic studies showed that the release first order diffusion controlled and the n value (0.47) from the Korsmeyer-Peppa’s model indicated the release mechanism was Quasi-fickian type.

Keywords: Perphenazine, Solid lipid nanoparticles, FTIR, in-vitro drug release.