ABSTRACT

The menopausal state is itself noted to be an independent risk factor  for the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. This study was conducted to find the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. It was an Observational study. Total 100 females were enrolled, 50 premenopausal(Group I) and 50 menopausal (Group II) were included in the study. There was a statistic significant increase in serum glucose, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol levels, insulin, insulin resistance in post-menopausal women. HDL-cholesterol level and estradiol concentration was significantly lower in post-menopausal women. Menopause leads to changes in blood glucose, serum insulin, lipid profile by reducing HDL, and elevating total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol, thus increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease. These changes are caused by reduced estrogen concentrations which are seen in menopause.

Keywords: Menopause, metabolic syndrome, postmenopausal women, cardio vascular disease.

ABSTRACT

Benzimidazole derivatives are versatile nitrogen containing heterocyclic compound which have long been known as a promising class of biologically active compounds possessing wide variety of a biologically active compound like antiprotozoal, anticoagulant, antifungal, antihistaminic, antiulcer activities. Benzimidazole is outstanding effective compounds and these are a number of reviews available for biochemical and pharmacological studies. This review article covers the most active benzimidazole derivative and discusses the structure and their uses.

Keyword: Benzimidazole, Heterocyclic compound, Benzimidazole derivative, Antifungal, Antiprotozoal activity, Antihistaminic

ABSTRACT

The present study was design to prepare periodontal gel of Ganciclovir for the treatment of inflammation condition. In this study, it was found that as the phospholipid concentration was increased, it resulted in corresponding increase in the entrapment efficiency of reconstituted liposomes. In conclusion, a sustained delivery of Ganciclovir can be achieved by proliposomal drug delivery system. Phospholipids, being the major component of liposomal system, can easily get integrated with the skin lipids and maintain the desired hydration conditions to improve drug permeation. Fusion of lipid vesicles with skin contributed to the permeation enhancement effect. In –vitro studies concluded that enhance skin permeation and retention of Ganciclovir was observed and was due to liposolubulized state of drugs with in proliposomes which helped to produce the depot effect. The prepared proliposomes are in corporated in to gel. The data show that liposomal systems can make the drug molecule more accessible with in skin layers. This conclusion compares favourably with early study showed that drug associated with liposomes bi-layer bounds and better routed into skin. Other studies have shown that liposomal ambiaence may help modify the permeability characteristics of the stratum corneum, and the system keep the drug molecules with in skin layers so that sustain release of drug can be achieved. The results advocate the extension of this work on the preliminary clinical trails and commercialization of proliposomal gel formulation of anti viral drugs for effective topical pharmacotherapy in treatment of virus.

Keywords: Ganciclovir, Gellan gum , Mucoadhesive in situ gel

ABSTRACT

The presence of recurrent seizures is responsible for epilepsy, further which has been characterized in the era. A seizure can be mention as “an episodic disturbance of movement, feeling, or consciousness caused by sudden synchronous, inappropriate, and excessive electrical discharges in the cerebral cortex” ¹. Epileptic convulsions are expected to have negative consequences on the patient’s psychological and social life such as relationships, education and employment. Uncontrolled seizures are associated with physical and psychosocial morbidity, dependent behavior, poor quality of life and an increased risk of sudden unexpected death. The heterocyclic compound is a potential compound for the development of chemotherapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic agents containing nitrogen and sulphur atoms². Therefore the present investigation was made in direction to the synthesis of some newer 1, 5-benzothiazepine derivatives and their evaluation for anticonvulsant activity. Physicochemical and elemental analysis of all the 1, 5-benzothiazepine (1B-10B) is confirmed with a preliminary study like melting point, elemental analysis and hyphenated tool namely IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy. Firstly Primarily, ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compounds or chalcones were prepared by the well-known Claisen-Schmidt condensation of acetophenones and substituted aldehyde by using alcoholic KOH (10%) at room temperature. By adding diazonium salt in substituted chalcone ,substituted diazonium chalcone was prepared. A yield mixture and 0.01 mole of substituted mercapto anilines was dissolved in 2-methoxyethanol to get final product 1, 5-benzothiazepine derivatives. These molecules were evaluated for possible anticonvulsant activity. Anti-seizure activities of all synthesized compounds 101B to 110B were explored using MES. The synthesized compounds from (101B to 110B) 108B and 109B had shown significant activity against the tonic seizure as compared to the other synthesized compounds.

Keywords: 1, 5-benzothiazepine derivatives; anticonvulsant activity

ABSTRACT

A simple, Precised, Accurate method was developed for the estimation of Abiraterone by RP-HPLC technique. Chromatographic conditions used are stationary phase  Azilent  C18 (150mm x 4.6 mm, 5m )Mobile phase 0.01%KH₂PO₄:Acetonitrile  in the ratio of 60:40 and flow rate was maintained at 1.0 ml/min, detection wave length was 235 nm, column temperature was set to 30^oC and diluent was mobile phase Conditions were finalized as optimized method. System suitability parameters were studied by injecting the standard six times and results were well under the acceptance criteria. Linearity study was carried out between 25% to150 % levels, R² value was found to be as 0.999. Precision was found to be 0.7 for repeatability and 0.2for intermediate precision. LOD and LOQ are 1.629µg/ml and 4.937µg/ml respectively. By using above method assay of marketed formulation was carried out 100.81% was present. Degradation studies of Abiraterone were done, in all conditions purity threshold was more than purity angle and within the acceptable range .Full length method was not performed ; if it is done this method can be used for routine analysis of Abiraterone

Keywords: HPLC ,  Abiraterone , Method development , ICH Guidelines

ABSTRACT

A simple, Precised, Accurate method was developed for the estimation of Anastrozole by RP-HPLC technique. Chromatographic conditions used are stationary phase  Azilent  C18 (150mm x 4.6mm, 5mm) Mobile phase 0.01N Kh2Po4:Acetonitrile  in the ratio of 60:40 and flow rate was maintained at 1.0 ml/min, detection wave length was 215 nm, column temperature was set to 30^oC and diluent was mobile phase Conditions were finalized as optimized method. The retention time was found to be 2.248 min. System suitability parameters were studied by injecting the standard six times and results were well under the acceptance criteria. Linearity study was carried out between 25% to150 % levels, R² value was found to be as 0.999. Precision was found to be 0.5 for repeatability and 0.6 for intermediate precision. LOD and LOQ are 0.086µg/ml and 0.261µg/ml respectively. By using above method assay of marketed formulation was carried out 100.11% was present. Degradation studies of Anastrozole were done, in all conditions purity threshold was more than purity angle and within the acceptable range. Full length method was not performed; if it is done this method can be used for routine analysis of Anastrozole.

Keywords: HPLC Anastrozole, Method development, ICH Guidelines.

ABSTRACT

This short communication reports the pharmacokinetic differences of the glucuronide-conjugated metabolites of magnoflorine and jatrorrhizine between Chinese and African male volunteers. From an earlier report, glucuronidation was determined to be one of the main metabolic pathways and these two compounds were reported to differ significantly between the two races. Pharmacokinetic parameters of half-life,t_1/2, time to reach maximum concentration, T_max, maximum plasma concentration, C_max, volume of distribution, Vd, area under the concentration-time curve, AUC and clearance, CL were considered. Statistically significant differences were observed in almost all the parameters studied in terms of their glucuronide-conjugated metabolites. The findings indicate the differences in hepatic metabolism of these two compounds between the two races.

Keywords: conjugate, glucuronide, metabolite, pharmacokinetics, races.